33^rd Neonatology and Primary Care Congress

Congenital Malformations & Birth Complications

Birth defect is a widely used term for a congenital malformation, is a condition present at birth despite of its cause. Congenital malformation can be genetic, it can result from exposure of the fetus to a malforming agent (such as alcohol), or it can be of unknown origin. A physical defect present in a baby at birth that may cause many different parts of the body including the brain, heart, lungs, liver, bones, and intestinal tract. Congenital Disorders are divided in to two main categories: structural disorders in which problems are seen with the shape of a body part and functional disorder in which problems exist with how a body part works.

• Chromosomal Disorders
• Perineal tears
• Abnormal heart rate of the baby
• Perinatal asphyxia